Starlink 9 wystartował z satelitą Sentinel-6B do badania globalnego poziomu morza.
Berlin – Falcon 9 wystrzelił wspólny satelita amerykańsko‑europejski do monitorowania poziomu mórz 17 listopada, przedłużając rekord pomiarów sięgający ponad trzy dekady.
<br />Falcon 9 wystartował z bazy Space Force Vandenberg w Kalifornii o 0:21 czasu wschodniego. Górny człon rakiety umieścił satelitę Sentinel-6B na docelowej orbicie około 57 minut później.
<br />Sentinel-6B jest częścią wspólnego programu obejmującego NASA i Copernicus, system obserwacji Ziemi prowadzony przez Europejską Agencję Kosmiczną i Komisję Europejską. W programie uczestniczą także NOAA, Eumetsat i francuska agencja kosmiczna CNES. Europejski wkład obejmował sam satelita i radarowy altimetr, podczas gdy USA dostarczyły radiometr mikrofalowy i dokonano startu.
<br />Satelita o masie 1 190 kilogramów będzie operować na orbicie o wysokości 1 336 kilometrów i nachyleniu 66 stopni, zastępując Sentinel-6A, wystrzelony prawie dokładnie pięć lat temu na innym Falconie 9, w zapewnianiu globalnych pomiarów poziomu mórz.
<br />Sentinel-6B "zapewni nieprzerwany ciąg monitoringu poziomu morza i przedłuży bezprecedensowy i nieprzerwany rekord globalnych średnich pomiarów poziomu mórz" — powiedział Phil Evans, dyrektor generalny Eumetsat, podczas briefingu ESA 13 listopada.
<br />That record dates to TOPEX-Poseidon, a joint NASA-CNES mission launched in 1992. A series of Jason satellites followed, with the effort later folded into the Copernicus program with Sentinel-6.
<br />That unbroken record is critical for climate monitoring. "Data continuity is essential, in particular for monitoring the long-term trend of sea level rise," Pier Bargellini, program manager for the Copernicus Space Segment at ESA, said at the briefing. Over more than three decades of satellite monitoring, sea levels have been rising at an average rate of about 3 millimeters per year, although Evans noted the rate is now about 4 millimeters per year.
<br />The sea-level data also has applications for weather forecasting. "Because energy stored in the oceans is fuel for tropical storms and our weather, Sentinel's measurements improve weather prediction models and, in particular, improve forecasts of hurricane development and intensification," Karen St. Germain, director of NASA's Earth science division, said at a separate NASA briefing Nov. 15.
<br />That includes supporting SpaceX booster recoveries. Julianna Scheiman, director of NASA science missions at SpaceX, said Sentinel-6 data feeds into models for both launch and recovery weather conditions. "When combined with real-time data from our droneships, this data paints the best picture of weather conditions to ensure safe droneship transit and recovery operations," she said at the NASA briefing.
<br />Sentinel-6B will initially operate in the same orbit as Sentinel-6A, also known as Sentinel-6 Michael Freilich, trailing it by about 30 seconds. That will allow the mission to cross-correlate data from the two spacecraft before Sentinel-6B takes over primary global sea-level observations in about a year.
<br />After that, Sentinel-6A will move into a separate orbit interleaved with Sentinel-6B. That will maximize ocean coverage and reduce revisit times, Evans said.
<br />The two satellites are identical, having been built in parallel by Airbus Defence and Space. Sentinel-6B was taken out of storage a year ago for tests and launch preparations, said Pierrik Veuilleumier, ESA Sentinel-6 project manager, at the NASA briefing.
<br />NASA says its contribution to the overall Sentinel-6 program cost about $500 million. ESA estimates Europe's share at 400 million euros ($465 million).
<br />Plans beyond Sentinel-6B are uncertain. While there had been discussions of a Sentinel-6C, NASA's fiscal 2026 budget proposal stated the agency would not proceed with its contributions to that spacecraft, one of several Earth science missions proposed for cancellation in the budget.
<br />Congress has yet to pass a NASA appropriations bill for 2026. "We are in very close contact with NASA," ESA's Bargellini said. "On their side, they are working proactively to secure the provision of the U.S. instrument for Sentinel-6C. We will know more once the decision on the budget in the U.S. is finalized."
Vielen Dank, dass Sie den Artikel gelesen haben! Beobachten Sie uns unter Google Nachrichten.
